HUMAN BODY - A COMPLEX CONTROL SYSTEM:-

We know that a single input single output control system is said to be a simple control system. But a system which has multi input and multi output is called a complex control system. The analysis of such complex control system is very difficult in practice as multi input interacts among themselves.
The system consisting of mechanical system, hydraulic system, pneumatic system, Thermal system, chemical system, electrical system, optical system, computer system, will definitely a very complex system, The human body is considered to be a very complex system because the body is composed of such system in it. The comparison can be made as under:-
 
 
(1) Mechanical system   -   The movement of limbs and mobility of the body.
(2) Hydraulic system      -   The blood circulation system.
(3) Pneumatic system     -   The respiratory system.
(4) Thermal system        -   The body temperature and environmental adujtment.
(5) Chemical system      -   The conversion of food stuffs into ions.
(6) Electrical system      -   Bio electricity generation due to cells.
(7) Optical system          -   Eye - vision system.
(8) Computer system      -   Powerful brain system.
(9) Acoustic system      -   Hearing system.

Bio medical Instrumentation is an aid to the doctors in the diagnosis of disease and other disorders. It is also used in evaluation of the physical condition of the patients in routing physical examinations. Special instrumentation system are used for monitoring of patient under-going surgery intensive care.
 

 Bio medical instrumentation can generally be classified into two major types:-

(1) Clinical Instrumentation:-  Clinical Instrumentation is basically devoted to diagnosis care and treatment of patient.

(2) Research Instrumentation:- Research Instrumentation is used primarily in the search for new knowledge pertaining to the various system that compose the human organism.


Measurements in which bio medical instrumentation is employed can be divided into two categories in vivo and vitro:-

(1) An vivo measurement is one that is made on or within the living organism itself. For example A device inserted into the blood stream to measure pH of the blood directly.

(2) An in vitro measurement is one performed outside the body, even though it relates to the functions of the body. An example of an vitro measurement would be the measurement of the pH of a sample of blood that has been drawn from a patient. These measurement are mostly performed in the test tubes.